
Introduction
Research Questions
- What is the overall theory of change for CWCC?
- What is the timeline for CWCC cohort 1 and cohort 2 activities?
- How do CWCC grantees differ? How are they the same?
- What key strategies did CWCC grantees propose as part of their collaborative work?
The Child Welfare Community Collaborations (CWCC) initiative is designed to mobilize communities to develop and evaluate multi-system collaboratives that address local barriers and provide a continuum of services to prevent child abuse and neglect. The initiative is funded by the Children’s Bureau (CB) within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services’ Administration for Children and Families (ACF). In 2018 and 2019, CB awarded 5-year cooperative agreements to a total of 13 states, non-profit organizations, and Native American tribal organizations (referred to here as “grantees”).
To advance the evidence around collaborative approaches to preventing child abuse and neglect, the Office of Planning, Research, and Evaluation within ACF, in collaboration with CB, contracted with Abt Associates and its partner Child Trends to conduct the Building Capacity to Evaluate Child Welfare Community Collaborations project. The project includes:
- evaluation-related technical assistance (TA) to support grantees and local evaluators and their capacity to conduct their required project-specific evaluations and
- a cross-site process evaluation of the CWCC grants to better understand how communities came together to develop and implement their CWCC approaches.
This brief provides an overview of the CWCC grantees and strategies and is one of a series of products the evaluation team will produce as part of the cross-site process evaluation. The brief includes an overview of the CWCC initiative including its goals, timeline, and technical assistance; a description of each of the 13 CWCC grantees; and a summary of the strategies used in CWCC projects.
Purpose
The goal of the CWCC initiative is to fund collaborative projects that address local barriers and provide a continuum of supports to promote child and family well-being and strengthen protective factors, ultimately leading to fewer new referrals to child welfare and more families staying together. While each CWCC project shared this goal, they proposed a diverse range of strategies to achieve their desired outcomes.
This brief is the first of many from the cross-site process evaluation designed to advance the evidence around collaborative approaches to preventing child abuse and neglect. It sets the stage for future products by clearly describing the timeline for CWCC activities and the specific activities that grantees and their collaborative partners undertook. Altogether, the findings from the cross-site process study will contribute to the evidence base for collaborative prevention efforts and inform efforts in child welfare towards a system of primary prevention.
Key Findings and Highlights
ACF’s CWCC initiative funded 13 collaborative efforts across the United States to prevent child maltreatment and reduce community-level rates of child abuse, neglect, and out-of-home placements. While grantees shared a common goal, they were diverse geographically, organizationally, and in the specific strategies they undertook. Grantees spanned urban and rural communities throughout the continental US and Alaska and represented a mix of public agencies, non-profits, and even academic institutions. Given the CWCC initiative’s focus on strategic coordination, it’s not surprising that all grantees incorporated some systems alignment activities designed to promote community collaboration and strengthen communities’ prevention services network. All grantees also incorporated at least one community-level strategy designed to promote positive change in the community and at least one individual-level strategy designed to increase protective factors and promote well-being.

Methods
This brief uses information from grantee’s applications, semi-annual progress reports, and summaries of each grantee created by the evaluation TA team to describe the strategies that CWCC grantees included in their initial approaches. The evaluation team also asked CWCC project directors to review the descriptions of their project for accuracy.
Citation
Cook, R., Schachtner, R., & Blocklin, M. (2023). An Introduction to the Child Welfare Community Collaborations Grantees and Strategies. OPRE Report 2023-332, Washington, DC: Office of Planning, Research and Evaluation, Administration for Children and Families, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
Glossary
- ACF:
- Administration for Children and Families
- CB:
- Children’s Bureau
- CWCC:
- Child Welfare Community Collaborations
- OPRE:
- Office of Planning, Research, and Evaluation
- TA:
- Technical Assistance